Since the turn of the century, there has been an increase in scholarship on gender
discrimination, segregation, and abuse in the United States (U.S.) prison system. This Article explores a number of the unique legal issues raised by gender disparities and distinctions in correctional facilities. Part II of this Article examines the disparate provision of prison services to women, specifically highlighting the courts’ reactions to both equal protection and Title IX lawsuits brought by female prisoners. Part III focuses on the continuing pervasiveness of prison rape, addressing the prison policies that facilitate sexual abuse in prisons and the legislative impediments rape survivors face in accessing legal remedies. Part IV analyzes the often-neglected reproductive health needs of female prisoners. Part V addresses the placement and protection of transgender prisoners in correctional facilities. Part VI explores the gender disparity in capital sentencing. Finally, Part VII looks into disparate gender treatment in immigration facilities. Part VIII concludes the Article.