B.A., St. Lawrence University
M.A., University at Buffalo
M.L.I.S., University at Buffalo

B.A., University of West Florida
M.L.I.S., University of Arizona

B.A., University of Maryland, College Park
M.S.L.S., University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill

B.A., New College of Florida
M.A., Elliott School of International Affairs
J.D., George Washington University Law School
M.S., Catholic University of America