Until he left the company at the end of 2012 as Vice President and Associate General Counsel, Professor Shakin spent over twenty years at Verizon and its predecessor companies. His practice there changed over time covering a wide range of legal and policy issues, but with a primary focus on federal regulatory issues before the FCC, Congress and federal appellate courts. Major substantive subject matters included the scope of economic regulation of traditional and broadband services, net neutrality, universal service subsidies, regulation of video services, rights to access video programming, obligations to unbundle network elements, and regulation of wholesale services. During this period, Verizon was a leading party in seeking and obtaining significant formation and reformation of the law in these areas. Prior to his work at Verizon, he was an associate at the law firm of Meister, Leventhal and Slade, a small firm in New York City, working primarily on commercial litigation and civil rights disputes. Prior to law school, he worked as a foreign exchange trader at the Chemical Bank in New York City.