2L Projects
2024
Conflict Then and Now: Historical and Modern Perspectives on World War III
In 2021, Russia’s further invasion of Ukraine sparked a truly global proxy war unlike any seen for decades. Since then, a plethora of regional conflicts have ignited. The Global Law Scholars examine the development of international law in conflict over time – through a deep analysis of the causes, instruments, reactions, and impacts of war. Via our analyses, the Global Law Scholars offer recommendations to mitigate the next global conflict.
Guest Speakers:
Professor David Koplow – Scott K. Ginsburg Professor of Law, Georgetown Law
Professor Mitt Regan – McDevitt Professor of Jurisprudence; Co-Director, Center on National Security and the Law; Director, Center on the Legal Profession, Georgetown Law
David Tolbert – Drinan Chair in Human Rights, Georgetown Law
Click on the links below for the podcast transcipts
Read “Causes of War” podcast auto-transcript
Read “Impacts of War” podcast auto-transcript
Read “Instruments of War” podcast auto-transcript
Read “Reactions to War” podcast auto-transcript
Click on the links below for the 2L project paper
Read Part One of the 2L Project Paper
Read Part Two of the 2L Project Paper
Members of the 2024 2L Global Law Scholars class: Sarah Abdelbaki, Alejandro Barrett Lopez, Lauren Bauer, Sean Cailteux, Andres Calzada, Alexis Gorfine, Leah Hebron, Josh Hyland, Matthew Johnson, Jakob Kerns, Genevieve McCarthy, Lauren McNeal, Ruth Tefera Mekonnen, Emily Murphy, Samantha Ortiz-Clark, Zoe Owens, Patrick Powers
2023
Colonial Residues: Global Effects on Trade, Security, and Migration
This project considers colonial residues and imperialism’s long-lasting effects on nations and people. Throughout the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, empires “exited” their colonies. However, we may ask: have colonial powers’ imperial reigns ended? Several colonial regimes maintain extractive connections to their former colonies—through trade practices, workforce systems, and political dealings. For instance, China’s Belt and Road Initiative has potentially instituted a neo-colonial practice, using infrastructure development as a new tool for imperialism.
Panelists:
Ali Zafar – macroeconomist and private sector specialist, consultant to the African Development Bank and USAID.
Professor Kuhlmann – Visiting Professor of Law at Georgetown University Law Center, Faculty Co-Director of the Center on Inclusive Trade and Development.
James T. Campbell – Adjunct Professor of Law at Georgetown University Law Center, specializes in citizenship, federal courts, indigenous recognition, overseas imperialism in U.S. constitutional thought
Read the collection of essays.
Members of the 2023 2L Global Law Scholars class: Nicole Ballister, Evan Clark, Nicole Curlin, Sophia Fossali, Sonia Geba, Terence Hao, Josh Hyland, Lauren Iosue, Anne Klok, Bernice Kwade, Eliza Lafferty, Taylor Lee, Anibha Singh, Dustin Vesey, Yiyang Wang, Jabril Wilson, Yangchen (Hardy) Ye, Hailey York, Lingfan Yu, Abigail Zislis.
2022
Law and Disinformation in the Digital Age
Disinformation has burst onto the world stage as a significant factor in international politics. Although lies, deception, and perfidy are ages-old phenomena, the digital age has facilitated the amplification and manipulation of false information to an unprecedented extent. Disinformation, broadly defined as false information intended to mislead, emanates from both states and non-state actors and affects communities across the globe.
This collection of essays, a project of the Georgetown University Law Center’s Global Law Scholars class of 2023, examines disinformation from a legal perspective. The essays investigate how individuals, communities, states, and the international community experience and respond to disinformation challenges. While some essays apply international legal principles to disinformation, others focus on comparative or foreign law. The collection examines case studies from around the world, using a diversity of sources rarely found in legal scholarship on disinformation. Together, these essays aim to shed light on the various legal dimensions of international disinformation challenges and contribute to a better understanding of potential solutions to disinformation issues.
Read the collection of essays.
This project culminated in a panel discussion with three disinformation scholars: Dr. Brian Southwell (RTI International), Matthew Feeney (Cato Institute), and Erin Carroll (Georgetown Law). The panelists discussed the challenges of regulating disinformation and answered questions focusing on international aspects of disinformation issues.
View a video of the Disinformation Panel with experts.
Members of the 2022 2L Global Law Scholars Class: Jeremy Atié, Madeline Bauer, K. Grace Beck, John Chappell, Kealey Clemens, Susannah Dibble, Rebecca DiPietro, Sara Griffiths, Yang Guo, Mariaeugenia Gurdian, Carson Hauth, Shaun Lillard, Tracy Nana Adjoa Lindsay, Kilian Liptrot, Percy Metcalfe, Patricia Murphy-Geiss, Mine Orer, Clark Orr, Julianna Pasquarello, Lyric Perot, Chelsea Wein, McCall Wells.
2021
Overcoming Legal Barriers to Climate Change Solutions: The Interrelated Roles of Activists, International Organizations, Markets, and Central Banks
How might different actors advance legal climate change solutions? This project first asks how climate activists from different communities might leverage domestic and international law to augment community-centered climate solutions. Next, this project studies how legal instruments from international organizations, namely the United Nations, could support the climate activism of vulnerable communities. Additionally, this project studies the potential significance of the world’s largest capital markets in addressing climate change and analyzes international and domestic climate disclosure law. Lastly, this project analyzes influential central banks in a climate change context.
This project culminated in a multipart presentation, including the student panel linked below:
View a video of Green Bonds Panel with Six Global Law Scholars.
Members of the 2021 2L Global Law Scholars Class: Eliane Bejjani, Kendall Christie, Amelia Dagen, Emma Dougall, Andrew Feinstein, Jacob Gladysz, T. Henley Hopkinson, Hana Kassem, Alexis Lazarczyk, Jeremy Lin, Alessandra Lopez, James Austin Lowe, Kirk MacKinnon Morrow, Baily Martin, Kaylee Morrison, Sarah Morsheimer, Raul Orozco, David Peraza, Jesus Rodriguez, Daniella Royer, Bhaavya Sinha, Allesandra Tyler, Benjamin Welna, Sara Zaat.
2020
Governing in the Digital Age: A Survey of State Responsibilities to the Private Citizen in Cyberspace
The continuously emerging technological advances of the twenty-first century have fundamentally shifted societal perceptions of an individual’s: access to information, protection of personal data, and level of digital security. As a result, communication and exchange between individuals, third-party entities, and governments requires a reconfiguration of “social governance contracts” across the globe. This paper – prepared by the Georgetown University Law Center Global Law Scholars program – attempts to capture the current state of this digital governance. It surveys state responsibilities to the private citizen from the perspectives of international law, regional frameworks, and the law of select individual states. It concludes by offerings several substantive recommendations.
Based on a broad analysis of cyber activity governance – with an emphasis on privacy protection – in international law, regional bodies, and numerous individual states, the authors make substantive recommendations to: define a global minimum standard to individual rights to information (to be led by UN Member States); promote routine review of regional treaties such as the GDPR; facilitate expert meetings and task forces to address potential gaps created by emerging technologies; minimum obligations standard for governments and relevant third party actors.
Members of the 2020 2L Global Law Scholars class: Gabriela Balbín, Kemeng Fan, Danielle Flanagan, Jordan Foley, Elizabeth Freeman, Naveed Hada, Minahil Khan, Katherine Kleinot, Olivia Le Menestrel, Justin LoScalzo, Gabrielle Metzger, Ryan Pereira, Emilia Pierce, Diana Reisman, Salma Shitia, Adam Silow, William Skewes-Cox, Soraya Todd, Alle Tyler, Kaitie Wilson, May Yang
2019
Arctic Summer: Law & Policy Implications of a Melting Arctic
In spring 2019, the GLS Class of 2020 hosted a distinguished panel on the law and policy implications of a melting Arctic. The panel featured Rear Admiral Andersen, the Judge Advocate General of the Coast Guard; Ambassador David Balton of the Wilson Center and formerly of the State Department; and Dr. Victoria Herrmann of the Arctic Institute.
The panel served as a capstone to the GLS Class of 2020’s 200-page report, Arctic Summer: Law & Policy Implications of a Melting Arctic, which covers environmental law, international organizations, economics and trade law, and national security law in the context of the evolving Arctic. View a flyer of the event.
Members of the 2019 2L Global Law Scholars class: Antoine Albert, Blake Atherton, Stephen Brady, Mary Bultemeier, Perpetua Chery, Hsin-Li Chien, Parag Dharmavarapu, Alden Fletcher, Matthew Harden, Brian Johnson, Samantha Kaplan, Aileen Kim, Sang Koo, Laurie Morgan, Helene Orhnon-Breyton, Justin Prindle, Katherine Rumer, Karuna Srivastav, Alexandra White.
2018
Foreign Electoral Interference and International Law
View a video of our 2018 event, Foreign Electoral Interference and International Law, which was held on March 7, 2018. It was the capstone event for the GLS 2L’s year-long research project on the history and methods of foreign electoral intervention.
Members of the 2018 2L Global Law Scholars class: Ephraim Abreu, Derrick Anderson, Cedrick Asiavugwa, Yoon (Emily) Choi, Negin Fatahi, Jessica Flakne, Katrina Kleck, Junsuk Lee, Allison Lewis, Sebastian Marotta, Haldor Mercado, Ava Munsen, Molly Newell, Ashley Nicolas, Eric Olsen, Cameron Peek, Erin Sielaff, Edward Skolnick, Emely Toro, Hannah Wheeler, Suzanne Zakaria.
2017
The Arms Race in Space
The Global Law Scholars and the Center on National Security and the Law held an event with renowned non-proliferation expert Ambassador Thomas Graham, Jr. He was be joined by Professor David Koplow, a friend and former colleague, for an informal interview on the past, present, and future of arms control. Following their discussion, Ambassador Graham and Professor Koplow responded to student questions.
Ambassador Graham, was involved in every major arms-control and nonproliferation agreement between 1970 and 1997, and worked under six consecutive U.S. Presidents, beginning with Richard Nixon. Graham headed the U.S. delegation to permanently extend the Non-Proliferation Treaty, lectures at top law schools around the country, and has authored numerous books and articles on non-proliferation. He is currently Executive Chairman of Lightbridge Ltd., which develops proliferation resistant fuel technology and provides advisory services for existing and emerging nuclear programs. He also serves on the United Arab Emirates International Advisory Board.
Professor Koplow, an expert in arms control in his own right, has held various positions at the Department of Defense, including Special Counsel for Arms Control to the General Counsel, Deputy General Counsel for International Affairs, and Attorney-Advisor and Special Assistant to the Director of the U.S. Arms Control and Disarmament Agency. Professor Koplow teaches on International Law, Arms Control, and Non-Proliferation and Terrorism at Georgetown Law. He has written extensively on arms control and the law of war.
Members of the 2017 2L Global Law Scholars class: Caitlin Costello, Aure Demoulin, Gary Dreyzin, Alex Dunn, Thomas L. Forman II, Kate Fung, Jeff Gary, Jeremy Goldstein, Somin Lee, Gerar Mazarakis, Sabrina McCubbin, Nico Nalbantian, Harry Phillips, Katherine Seitert, Navy Thompson, Abigail West, Hannah Wheeler, Brian Williams.
2016
1,001 Issuers’ Compliance with the Dodd-Frank Conflict Minerals Rule
In an effort to understand the potential of securities law as a means of promoting socially responsible sourcing by companies, the Global Law Scholars Class of 2016 reviewed the disclosures of all 1,001 issuers obligated to file a report on Conflict Minerals in their supply chain with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) in 2013.
Based on consultation with issuers, law firms, and responsible minerals sourcing advocates, indicators were developed to assess whether companies were following (1) the letter of the Dodd Frank Act’s Conflict Mineral Rule, by reporting on their due diligence and facilities used for processing tin, tantalum, tungsten, and gold in their supply chain; as well as (2) the spirit of the Rule, by committing to develop a conflict minerals policy, updating contractual conditions with their suppliers, or engaging in other efforts to clean up their supply chains.
While about one-third of the companies met all measured letter of the law requirements, only four percent scored perfectly on our measured spirit of the law indicators. Factors that correlated with stronger letter and spirit of the law scores for companies include internet visibility, financial health, industry location, participation in the Conflict-Free Sourcing Initiative, and funding from socially responsible investors.
Members of the 2016 2L Global Law Scholars class: Alice Barrett, Nicholas Brock, Ena Cefo, Ivana Djak, Jacqueline Johnston, Reed Koenig, Sarah Lohschelder, Mina Miljevic, Zana Operta, Beth Palkovic, Jae-Hyong Shim, Kathy Shin, Hannelore Sklar, Delia Solomon, James Strawbridge, Weiwei He